Air-compressor



(No Model.) 2 Sheets -Sheet 1.

B. YOOH.

AIR GOMPRESSdR. No. 263,646. q 'P @qntd'Aug 2 9, 1882.

(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' B. YOOH.

6 6 AIR COMPRESSOR. No; 263,646. Patented Aug. 29, 1882.

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PATENT FFIGE;

BENHARD YOOH, OF ST. LOUIS/MISSOURI.

AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part oil Letters Patent No. 263,646, dated August 29, 1882.

Application filerLApril 20, 18852.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENHARD YoeH, of the a city of St. Louis,in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Compressors, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same.

This is an engine intended more especially for the compression of air for use in driving an engine at a distance.

My invention applies to the described means for cooling the compression-cylinder, to a device for the discharge of the settlings from the water-chamber within the cylinder, and to the other features of construction, as described and specifically claimed hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top view of the machine or apparatus. Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section of the receiver of the compressed air. Fig. 4 is a vertical axial section of the compression cylinder, with side view of the pistons. tion at 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an axial section of one of the pistons. of the compressor-cylinder. Fig. 8 is an enlarged transverse section at 8 8, Fig. 4:. Fig. 9 is an enlarged transverse section of the airreceiver at 9 9, Fig. 3.

I show the compressor in duplicate. The compressor engines or machines maybe worked by any suitable motor. I show steam-engines .A. As no novelty is claimed in these engines,

no detailed description is needed.

13 is the piston-rod of the' steam-engine, this rod being also the piston-rod of the compressor-pistons 00.

O are packing-rings on the pistons. The

pistons G 0 work in a cylinder, D. They are secured on the piston-rod at a distance asunder. Thus a chamber, E, is formed between them. The chamber E contains water which Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse sec- Fig. 7 is an end view (No model.)

the same, and thus cooling the air contained in the cylinder between the pistons and the heads. The water also cools the pistons and the air in contact with them. (It will be understood that the air becomes heated by compression.) The water also serves as a lubricant for the packing rings 0. Another advantage of the body of water is that it adds to the mowmentum of the pistons, the inertia of the same being overcome at the beginning of the stroke, when the air offers but little, if any, resistance to the movement of the piston, and the mo mentum being available to overcome the resistance ofthe air when it is at the greatest density at the last part of the stroke.

H is an opening through the lower part of the cylinder, extending transversely so as to receive any mud or settlings that may be in the chamber E, the mud being scraped directly into the receiver'opening by the pistons as they move in the cylinder.

H is a mud drum or receptacle ineonnection with the opening H, having a discharge-valve or other means for the discharge of the mud, as may be required.

The outer sides, a, of the pistons are flat,or nearly so, so that they may closely approach the ends I of the cylinder, and their inner sides (the sides presented to the water-chamber) are recessed or made with strengthening-ribs c, that radiate from the hubs 0 so that the cool water comes in direct contact with the metal forming the outer side, 0, and serves to keep the same cool, and thus the air upon the other side of the metal is cooled.

The piston-hubs c are shown elongated, and having end bearings against each other tokeep the pistons the required distance assunder. The pistons are held upon the outer sides between a fixed collar, b, upon the piston-rod at go one piston-head and a collar and key, I), at the other piston-head. The collar bis recessed into the piston-head, so that the piston-head may approach close to the cylinder-head I, and the cylinder-head at the other end is recessed at ito receive the pin and collar I) as the piston-head approaches the cylinder-head. The

cylinder-heads 1 are made somewhat convex upon the inner sides, so that there remains an annular chamber, (1, between the piston G and j through an induction-pipe, K, at the bottom the headI, even when the piston touches the center of the head. Thus there is always a passage for the air in passing out of the eduction-valves' and passing into the cylinder through the induction-valves. Outside each head is a cover, J, forming, with the head, a water-chamber, j, for the purpose of keeping the head cool. The water enters the chamber ofthe chamber andleaves the chainberthrough an eduction-pipe, K, at the upper part of the chamber, so that the heated water passes out first.

Air enters the cylinder through puppetvalves L, opening below (freely) to the atmos phere or to a supply of cold air, and the air escapes from the cylinder through puppetvalves M into a chamber, N, at each end of the cylinder, (the arrangement of valves being similar at both ends.) The induction-valves L and eduction-valves M are in transverse series, in close proximity to the heads of the cylinder, so that the pistons do not close the valve-ducts, and the airin passing through the valve-ducts is brought near the cold heads I, and is cooled by the same, the heads being cooled by the water-circulatingin the chamberj.

O O are pipes extending from the chambers N to the air receiver or cooler I. The pipes 0 enter the upper part of thereceiver, and the air leaves the receiver through a pipe, Q,leading from the lower part of the receiver to the engine or engines that are driven by air from the compressor. The receiver 1 is traversed by vertical cooling-pipes 1), that are shown open to the atmosphere at bottom, and opening at the upper ends into a chamber, It, from which ascends a fine, S. The ascent of the air in the pipe or flue S may be accelerated by a fan or any other means to increase the movement of the air through the pipes 12. I

T is an annular air-ilue surrounding the sides of the receiver, said flue being open to the atmosphere below and in communication with thechamber It at top, the purpose of the annular flue being to cool the side of the receiver, and consequently the air therein.

It will be seen that the compressed air enters the body of the receiver near the top and leaves it near the bottom, so that the cooler air is first to leave the receiver. U is a cock to allow the escape of water from the receiver in case any should collect therein.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an air-compressor, the pistons C O,havin g ribs 0, and provided with the hollow inwardly-extending hubs c c ,in combination with the piston-rod 13, provided with fixed collar 1) and key I), substantially as and for the purpose de scribed. p

2. In an air compressor or blower, the conibination of a double piston inclosing a waterchamber with the cylinder provided with a mud-drum or sediment-receiver, located be neath said cylinder and communicating therewith through a channel opening into the under side of the cylinder midway of the length thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth, 7

3. The two piston-heads G (J, inclosing between them a water-space, and being recessed .or ribbed upon their inner sides, 0, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

4. The combinatiomwith the pistons G,with flat ends c,of the convex cylinder-heads I, substantially as and for the purpose set fort 5. In an air-compressor, the combination of cooling-chamber I J and the transverse series of induction and eduction valves L M in close proximity to the heads I.

6. The combination of vertical pipes 19 with the air-receiver provided with jacket T, chamber R, flue S, induction-pipes O, eductionpipes Q, and (lripcock V,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

BENHARI) YOGH.

Witnesses: V

SAML. KNIGHT, A. GRABLE. 

